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Toxicologic Pathology
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Histopathology of Nasal Olfactory Mucosa from Selected Inhalation Toxicity Studies Conducted with Volatile Chemicals

Jerry F. Hardisty

Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, Jhardisty{at}epl-inc.com.

Robert H. Garman

Consultants in Veterinary Pathology, Murrysville, Pennsylvania 15668

Jack R. Harkema

Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1317

Larry G. Lomax

Consultant in Toxicologic Pathology, Little Rock, Arkansas 72223

Kevin T. Morgan

Glaxo Wellcome, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

In recent years, histopathologic changes have been reported in the olfactory mucosa of rodents exposed, by inhalation, to a variety of volatile chemicals. In order to better characterize these lesions, a panel of experienced pathologists reviewed microscopic lesions of the olfactory epithelium of rats reported in 10 inhalation studies conducted with 8 different chemicals. The objectives were to determine if the olfactory epithelial lesions are morphologically similar or different for the chemicals of interest, to develop and recommend appropriate diagnostic criteria and nomenclature to characterize the morphology of these olfactory lesions, and to provide specific criteria for judging the degree of severity of the olfactory changes in these studies. The results indicated that the distribution and nature of the lesions were similar in all the examined studies in which olfactory changes were observed. Recommended standardized nomenclature and diagnostic criteria and a uniform method for scoring lesion severity based on the extent of distribution and severity of tissue damage are presented.

Key Words: Inhalation • olfactory epithelium • histopathology • grading severity

Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 27, No. 6, 618-627 (1999)
DOI: 10.1177/019262339902700602
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