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Toxicologic Pathology
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Articles

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen—A Marker for Ovarian Follicle Counts

Levan Muskhelishvili
Susan K. Wingard
John R. Latendresse

Toxicologic Pathology Associates at National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA

Correspondence: Address correspondence to: Dr. Levan Muskhelishvili, Toxicologic Pathology Associates at National Center for Toxicological Research, 3900 NCTR Road, MC 923, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, USA; e-mail:lmuskhelishvili{at}nctr.fda.gov

Enumerating ovarian follicles is an effective way to estimate the extent of ovarian toxicity in female rodents exposed to xenobiotics. Differential follicle counts are useful in safety assessment bioassays and in interspecies extrapolation of ovarian toxicity. Counting the follicles in H&E-stained sections is labor intensive, tedious, and costly. In the present study we demonstrated that in rat formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ovary sections follicles of all degrees of maturity can be visualized by the use of antibody directed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Follicles are easily distinguished from ovarian background with the ability to detect and identify primordial follicles being enhanced. This translates into a significant decrease in variability of follicle counts, labor, and cost. Specifically, variability dropped from 11% to 0.2%, the counting time was reduced by 46%, and the cost by 48%.

Key Words: PCNA • immunohistochemistry • ovarian follicles • counts

Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 33, No. 3, 365-368 (2005)
DOI: 10.1080/01926230590930164
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 Toxicol PatholHome page
C. A. Picut, C. L. Swanson, K. L. Scully, V. C. Roseman, R. F. Parker, and A. K. Remick
Ovarian Follicle Counts Using Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and Semi-Automated Image Analysis in Rats
Toxicol Pathol, July 1, 2008; 36(5): 674 - 679.
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