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Modern Imaging Technologies in Toxicologic Pathology: An OverviewDrug Safety Evaluation, sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807-0800, USA Correspondence: Address correspondence to: Xiaoyou Ying, PhD, sanofi-aventis, BRW JR2-103A, PO Box 6800, Bridgewater, NJ 08807-0800, USA; e-mail:xiaoyou.ying{at}sanofi-aventis.com, or Thomas M. Monticello, DVM, PhD, Merck and Co., PO Box 4, West Point, PA, 19486, USA; e-mail: thomasmonticello{at}merck.com Modern imaging technology, now utilized in most biomedical research areas (bioimaging), enables the detection and visualization of biological processes at various levels of the molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ and/or whole body. In toxicologic pathology, the impact of modern imaging technology is becoming apparent from digital histopathology to novel molecular imaging for in vivo studies. This overview summarizes recent progresses in digital microscopy imaging and newly developed digital slide techniques. Applications of virtual microscopy imaging are discussed and compared to traditional optical microscopy reading. New generation digital pathology approaches, including automatic slide inspection, digital slide databases and image management are briefly introduced. Commonly used in vivo preclinical imaging technologies are also summarized. While most of these new imaging techniques are still undergoing rapid development, it is important that toxicologic pathologists embrace and utilize these technologies as advances occur.
Key Words: Bioimaging • digital microscopy imaging • virtual microscopy • digital pathology • in vivo preclinical imaging • automated microscopy imaging
Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 34, No. 7,
815-826 (2006) |
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