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Toxicologic Pathology
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Articles

Recommendations for Routine Sampling, Trimming, and Paraffin-Embedding of Female Reproductive Organs, Mammary Gland, and Placenta in the Cynomolgus Monkey

Eric van Esch1
Eveline P.C.T. de Rijk2
Eberhard Buse3
Martina Zöller4
J. Mark Cline5

1 Principal Pathologist, Department of Toxicology and Drug Disposition, Schering-Plough, Oss, the Netherlands
2 Department of Toxicology and Drug Disposition, Schering-Plough, Oss, the Netherlands
3 Covance Laboratories GmbH, Münster, Germany
4 Covance Laboratories GmbH, Münster, Germany
5 Wake Forest University Primate Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

Correspondence: Eric Van Esch, Schering-Plough, Department of Toxicology and Drug Disposition, P.O. Box 20, 5340 BH Oss, the Netherlands; e-mail:eric.van.esch{at}spcorp.com

In toxicity studies, the nonhuman primate is often the species of choice to evaluate the toxicologic potential of chemicals and drugs. Especially in the case of effects on female reproductive organs and mammary glands, other animal species are less predictive for man. To enable reliable histopathologic interpretation allowing a solid safety assessment, it is a prerequisite to obtain material of consistently high quality. Standardization of autopsy techniques, tissue sampling, and fixation and staining procedures will help significantly to obtain the quality that is needed. For this purpose, a detailed description of the procedures from necropsy to microscopic slide preparation of the female reproductive organs of the cynomolgus monkey is given. Procedures to sample and process the placenta are included. These recommendations can be used to achieve consistent, high-quality tissue preparations, allowing pathologists to conduct sensitive, accurate, and meaningful evaluations of the study material.

Competing Interests: This article was sponsored by Covance Inc. and Schering- Plough. Martina Zölle and Eberhard Buse are employed by Covance Inc. Eveline P. C. T. de Rijk and Eric Van Esch are employed by Schering-Plough. No other competing interests were declared.

Key Words: dissection • female reproductive organs • placenta • tissue sampling • histotechnique • nonhuman primates • cynomolgus monkey

Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 36, No. 7 Suppl, 164S-170S (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0192623308326152
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