This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Dixon, D. Articles by Maronpot, R. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Dixon, D. Articles by Maronpot, R. R. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): A New Tool in Experimental Toxicologic Pathology

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

G. Allan Johnson

Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

Gary P. Cofer

Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

Lawrence W. Hedlund

Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

Robert R. Maronpot

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive imaging technique that provides multidimensional images of the soft tissues of the body. This imaging technique has proven to be an excellent diagnostic and experimental tool for the detection of pathologic alterations in soft tissues, as well as an adjunct screening method for following the genesis, progression, or regression of chemically induced lesions in the same live animal. Future applications of MRI technology in small animals include MRI microscopy, mapping of vascular or circulatory alterations, measurement of perfusion and diffusion rates of body fluids, and acquisition of cell metabolic states in combination with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, all of which will contribute immensely to the advancement of toxicologic and biomolecular research.

• 1. Crooks LE and Kaufman L (1983). Basic physical principles. In: Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging, AR Margulis, CB Higgins, L Kaufman, and LE Crooks (eds). Radiology Research and Education Foundation, San Francisco, California, pp. 13–24.
• 2. Damadian R (1971). Tumor detection by nuclear magnetic resonance. Science 171: 1151–1153.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• 3. Hayes CE, Edelstein WA, Schenk JF, Mueller OM, and Eash M (1985). An efficient highly homogeneous radiofrequency coil for whole body NMR imaging at 1.5 T. J. Magn. Res. 63: 622–628.[Web of Science]
• 4. Hazelwood CF (1974). Water content and proton spin relaxation time for malignant and nonmalignant tissues from mice and humans. JNCI 52: 625–626.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• 5. Hedlund LW, Deitz J, Nassar R, Herfkens R, Vock P, Dahlke J, Kubek R, Effman EL, and Putman CE (1986). A ventilator for magnetic resonance imaging. Invest. Radiol. 21: 18–23.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• 6. Hedlund LW, Johnson GA, and Mills GI (1986). Magnetic resonance microscopy of the rat thorax and abdomen. Invest. Radiol. 21: 843–846.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• 7. Herfkens RJ, Sievers R, Kaufman L, Sheldon PE, Ortendahl DA, Lipton MJ, Crooks LE, and Higgins CB (1983). Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the infarcted muscle: A rat model. Radiology 147: 761–764.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• 8. Hollett MD, Cofer GP, and Johnson GA (1987). In situ magnetic resonance microscopy. Invest. Radiol. 22: 965–968.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• 9. Johnson GA, Thompson MB, and Drayer BP (1987). Three-dimensional MRI microscopy of the normal rat brain. Magn. Res. Med. 4: 351–365.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• 10. Johnson GA, Thompson MB, Gewalt SL, and Hayes CE (1986). Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging at microscopic resolution. J. Magn. Res. 68: 129–137.[Web of Science]
• 11. Ling GN and Tucker M (1980). Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation and water contents in normal mouse and rat tissues and in cancer cells. JNCI 64: 1199–1207.[Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
• 12. London DA, Davis PL, Williams RD, Crooks LE, Sheldon PE, and Gooding CA (1983). Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of induced renal lesions. Radiology 148: 167–172.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• 13. Moon KL, Davis PL, Kaufman L, Crooks LE, Sheldon PE, Miller T, Brito AC, and Watts JC (1983). Nuclear magnetic resonance of a fibrosarcoma tumor implanted in the rat. Radiology 148: 177–181.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• 14. Murphy E and London RE (1988). In vivo NMR spectroscopy and cell injury. Rev. Biochem. Toxicol. 9: 131–184.
• 15. NIH Consensus Panel (1987). Imaging technique passes muster. Science 238: 888–889.[Free Full Text]
• 16. Stark DD, Goldberg HI, Moss AA, and Bass NM (1984). Chronic liver disease: Evaluation by magnetic resonance. Radiology 150: 149–151.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
• 17. Valk J, MacLean C, and Algra PR (1985). Elementary considerations about NMR. In: Basic Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., New York, pp. 11–52.
• 18. Young SW (1984). Nuclear magnetic principles. In: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging Basic Principles. Raven Press, New York, pp. 21–24.

Toxicologic Pathology, Vol. 16, No. 3, 386-389 (1988)
DOI: 10.1177/019262338801600311


CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This Article Abstract Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Citing Articles via Scopus Google Scholar Articles by Dixon, D. Articles by Maronpot, R. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Dixon, D. Articles by Maronpot, R. R. Social Bookmarking                         What's this?