This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Saved Citations Download to citation manager Request Permissions Request Reprints Add to My Marked Citations Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Goebl, N. Articles by Brown-Augsburger, P. L. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Goebl, N. Articles by Brown-Augsburger, P. L. Social Bookmarking                   What's this?

Development of a Sensitive and Specific in Situ Hybridization Technique for the Cellular Localization of Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide Drugs in Tissue Sections

¹ Eli Lilly & Company, Drug Disposition Development/Commercialization Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA
² Eli Lilly & Company—Pathology and Toxicology, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA

Correspondence: Address correspondence to: Nancy Goebl, Eli Lilly & Company—Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA; e-mail: goebl nancya{at}lilly.com

A sensitive method has been developed for the identification and assessment of phosphorothioate oligonucleotide accumulation in dosed animal tissues using an in situ hybridization approach, which is both sequence specific yet adaptable to every antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), which has been tested to date. Hybridization is accomplished using a digoxigenin-tailed oligonucleotide probe complementary to the ASO target sequence on routinely processed paraffin sections which have been pretreated with a mild target retrieval solution. The DIG-labeled probe is amplified first with an anti-DIG:FITC antibody conjugate followed by an anti:FITC Alexa 488 antibody, then visualized using FITC epifluorescence microscopy. Fluorescent labeling of ASO drug in tissue sections by this method confirms that H&E basophilia previously observed in dosed tissues represents largely intact ASO. However, the fluorescent method enables a wider assessment of tissue distribution in a variety of tissue types due to increased sensitivity and lower signal to noise than can be obtained through an examination of H&E stained tissue sections alone.

Key Words: in situ hybridization • antisense • phosphorothioate • 2-methoxyethyl

Abbreviations: ASO, antisense oligonucleotide • CGE, capillary gel electrophoresis • DIG, digoxigenin • ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay • FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization • FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate • GCGR, glucagon receptor • KLH, keyhole limpet hemocyanin • PBS, phosphate-buffered saline • SSPE, saline-sodium phosphate-EDTA

CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?